Nematodes (Roundworms) |
Toxocara canis |
Large, spaghetti-like worms. Zoonotic potential (Visceral Larva Migrans, Ocular Larva Migrans). Common in puppies (transplacental/transmammary transmission). |
Toxascaris leonina | Less common, generally less pathogenic than T. canis. No zoonotic potential. |
Nematodes (Hookworms) |
Ancylostoma caninum |
Blood-feeding, can cause severe anemia, especially in puppies. Zoonotic potential (Cutaneous Larva Migrans). Transmammary transmission. |
Ancylostoma braziliense | Primarily causes Cutaneous Larva Migrans in humans; less pathogenic in dogs. |
Uncinaria stenocephala | Less pathogenic than A. caninum, but can still cause anemia. More common in cooler climates. |
Nematodes (Whipworms) |
Trichuris vulpis |
Resides in the cecum and large intestine. Causes chronic large bowel diarrhea, often with mucus and fresh blood. Eggs are highly resistant in the environment. |
Trichuris campanula | Less common, similar pathology to T. vulpis. |
Cestodes (Tapeworms) |
Dipylidium caninum |
Most common canine tapeworm. Requires ingestion of infected fleas. Proglottids resemble rice grains. |
Taenia pisiformis | Requires ingestion of infected lagomorphs (rabbits). Less common than D. caninum. |
Echinococcus granulosus/multilocularis | Small, highly pathogenic tapeworms. Significant zoonotic potential (Hydatid Disease). Requires ingestion of infected intermediate hosts. |
Protozoa |
Giardia spp. |
Flagellated protozoan. Causes giardiasis (diarrhea, malabsorption). Not a "worm" but often treated with dewormers like Fenbendazole. |